第15课: 音效

// 第15课: 音效 - 爆炸+跳跃+得分音效 module sound_effects ( input wire clk, input wire rst_n, input wire trigger, input wire [1:0] sfx_select, output reg [7:0] pcm_out, output reg playing ); reg [15:0] lfsr; wire noise_bit = lfsr[0] ^ lfsr[2] ^ lfsr[3] ^ lfsr[4]; reg [31:0] phase, phase_step; reg [15:0] env_counter; reg [7:0] env_level; reg [15:0] duration, tick; always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if (!rst_n) lfsr <= 16'hACE1; else if (playing) lfsr <= {lfsr[14:0], noise_bit}; end always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if (!rst_n) begin pcm_out <= 128; playing <= 0; phase <= 0; phase_step <= 0; env_counter <= 0; env_level <= 0; duration <= 0; tick <= 0; end else begin if (!playing && trigger) begin playing <= 1; phase <= 0; tick <= 0; env_level <= 255; env_counter <= 0; case (sfx_select) 0: begin phase_step <= 32'h00001000; duration <= 500; end 1: begin phase_step <= 32'h00004000; duration <= 150; end 2: begin phase_step <= 32'h00020000; duration <= 200; end default: begin phase_step <= 32'h00008000; duration <= 200; end endcase end if (playing) begin tick <= tick + 1; phase <= phase + phase_step; env_counter <= env_counter + 1; if (env_counter == 0) env_level <= (env_level > 2) ? env_level - 2 : 0; case (sfx_select) 0: pcm_out <= (noise_bit ? 128 + env_level/2 : 128 - env_level/2); 1: begin phase_step <= phase_step + 32'h00000100; pcm_out <= (phase[31] ? 128 + env_level/2 : 128 - env_level/2); end 2: begin if (tick[4] == 0) pcm_out <= (phase[31] ? 128 + env_level/2 : 128 - env_level/2); else pcm_out <= (phase[30] ? 128 + env_level/2 : 128 - env_level/2); end default: pcm_out <= 128; endcase if (tick >= duration || env_level == 0) begin playing <= 0; pcm_out <= 128; end end else pcm_out <= 128; end end endmodule

/* verilator lint_off WIDTHEXPAND */ /* verilator lint_off WIDTHTRUNC */ /* verilator lint_off UNOPTFLAT */ module tb; reg clk, rst_n, trigger; reg [1:0] sfx_select; wire [7:0] pcm_out; wire playing; sound_effects uut (.clk(clk),.rst_n(rst_n),.trigger(trigger),.sfx_select(sfx_select),.pcm_out(pcm_out),.playing(playing)); always clk = #10 ~clk; reg [7:0] samples [0:63]; integer i, non_silence; initial begin $dumpfile("soundfx.vcd"); $dumpvars(0, tb); clk = 0; rst_n = 0; trigger = 0; sfx_select = 0; repeat(5) @(posedge clk); rst_n = 1; $display("=== 音效仿真 ==="); $display("爆炸+跳跃+得分音效"); $display(""); $display("--- 测试1: 爆炸音效 ---"); sfx_select = 0; trigger = 1; @(posedge clk); trigger = 0; non_silence = 0; for (i = 0; i < 64; i = i + 1) begin @(posedge clk); samples[i] = pcm_out; if (pcm_out != 128) non_silence = non_silence + 1; end $display(" 前64采样中非静音: %0d/64", non_silence); $display(" 前8采样: %0d %0d %0d %0d %0d %0d %0d %0d", samples[0],samples[1],samples[2],samples[3],samples[4],samples[5],samples[6],samples[7]); if (non_silence > 10) $display(" ✅ 爆炸音效有声音输出"); while (playing) @(posedge clk); repeat(10) @(posedge clk); $display(""); $display("--- 测试2: 跳跃音效 ---"); sfx_select = 1; trigger = 1; @(posedge clk); trigger = 0; non_silence = 0; for (i = 0; i < 64; i = i + 1) begin @(posedge clk); samples[i] = pcm_out; if (pcm_out != 128) non_silence = non_silence + 1; end $display(" 前64采样中非静音: %0d/64", non_silence); if (non_silence > 5) $display(" ✅ 跳跃音效有声音输出"); while (playing) @(posedge clk); repeat(10) @(posedge clk); $display(""); $display("--- 测试3: 得分音效 ---"); sfx_select = 2; trigger = 1; @(posedge clk); trigger = 0; non_silence = 0; for (i = 0; i < 64; i = i + 1) begin @(posedge clk); samples[i] = pcm_out; if (pcm_out != 128) non_silence = non_silence + 1; end $display(" 前64采样中非静音: %0d/64", non_silence); if (non_silence > 5) $display(" ✅ 得分音效有声音输出"); while (playing) @(posedge clk); repeat(10) @(posedge clk); $display(""); $display("--- 测试4: 静音状态 ---"); trigger = 0; repeat(20) @(posedge clk); if (pcm_out == 128 && !playing) $display(" ✅ 未触发时输出静音(128)"); $display(""); $display("✅ 爆炸+跳跃+得分音效验证通过!"); $display("🏆 成就解锁: 爆炸+跳跃+得分音效!"); $finish; end endmodule

# 编译 verilator --cc *.sv --exe sim_main.cpp --top-module tb --timing --trace \ --build -j 4 -o sim \ -Wno-WIDTHEXPAND -Wno-WIDTHTRUNC -Wno-UNOPTFLAT \ -Wno-TIMESCALEMOD -Wno-STMTDLY -Wno-WIDTH \ -Wno-UNSIGNED -Wno-SELRANGE -Wno-BLKSEQ # 运行 ./obj_dir/sim # 查看波形(可选) gtkwave sim.vcd